ROMA (ITALPRESS) – Istat presents the thirteenth edition of the Report on Fair and Sustainable Wellness (Bes), which deepens the latest trends and trends in the period 2014-2025, with particular attention to the analysis of inequalities.
Of the 132 indicators for which comparison with the previous year is possible, 54 improve, 55 are stable and 23 worsen, highlighting a general advance of well-being. In the long term the picture is even more positive: over half of the indicators improve (70 out of 133 for which long-term comparison is possible), 24 worsen, while for 39 indicators it is not possible to establish a unique trend.
The map of well-being confirms the traditional split between Centro-Nord and Mezzogiorno: while all the regions of the North and the Centre (with the exception of Lazio) record performances higher than the national average for at least half of the Bes indicators available at regional level, in the Mezzogiorno (except for Abruzzo) the majority of the indicators report levels lower than the average Italy. Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the two Autonomous Provinces present, in at least 10 of the 12 domains of well-being, average values higher than the value of Italy.
To the contrary, Campania, Puglia and Calabria have, in at least 10 of the 12 domains, average values worse than the national reference. The distance between North and South is particularly evident in key domains such as Work and Concilitation of Lifetime, Economic Wellness and Social Relations. However, the picture is not entirely homogeneous: Abruzzo and Sardinia are often distinguished in positive terms in the southern context, with values in line with the national average, while in areas such as Innovation, research and creativity there are also delays in some central and northern regions (such as Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste and Liguria).
The domains related to Security, Subjective Wellness and Environment show a more articulated territorial variability that does not follow the classic North-South gradient. In particular, in the domain Security the regions of the Mezzogiorno (with the exception of Campania) record better levels of the national average, while the large metropolitan areas of the Centro-Nord (first of all Lazio, followed by Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany) are penalized by a greater incidence of predatory crimes and violence. The comparison with Europe (media UE27), based on 40 indicators, shows a more favourable situation for Italy for 12 indicators and less favourable for 18.
Italy shows the best results in the domains of Health, Security and for some indicators on the Environment; the major criticalities in the domains of Education and Training, Labour and Concilitation of Lifetime and Innovation, Research and Creativity. The proportions of people with at least the diploma and graduates are lower than 14.2 and 13,7 percentage points respectively than the European average, with slightly more marked differences between men. Values below EU27 are also recorded for at least basic digital skills (54.3%; 60.4% UE27) and the share of young people who do not work and do not study (Neet) remains higher than the European average (13.3%; 11.0% UE27).
The employment rate is less than 8.5 percentage points than the European average, with a particularly wide gap between women (-13.3 points versus -3.8 for men). Criticism also emerges for the rate of non-participation and involuntary part-time. The latter records one of the highest in relative terms (-4.6 percentage points overall and -8.2 points among women). In the domain Innovation, research and creativity Italy shows delays compared to the average UE27, especially for the share of workers of knowledge (-8.1 percentage points) and for the intensity of research (equal to 1.40% of GDP for Italy, 2.26% for the EU).
In contrast, investment in intellectual property growing at a higher rate than the European average (less than some of the main Member States). The risk of poverty places Italy in a worse situation than the European average (+2.3 percentage points). The indicator for the great difficulty in arriving at the end of the month and the inequality of available income also put Italy at a disadvantage. On the contrary, the overload of housing costs and severe material and social deprivation place Italy on relatively better levels than European ones. The hope of life at birth, which in Italy is among the highest in the world, is maintained on levels above the European average (+2.2 years), and the advantage is more intense among men (+2.7 years, +1.6 years for women). Responsible results for avoidable mortality (16.0 standardized deaths for 10,000 residents versus 23.8 in EU27). The rate of voluntary murder places Italy in a more favourable situation than the EU average27; the advantage is both men and women.
– Photo Ipa Agency –
(ITALPRESS).
