VENICE (ITALPRESS) – In Italy black work continues to represent a significant economic reality. According to an analysis of the Istat Study Office of 2023[1], the turnover generated by the submerged economy exceeds 77 billion euros per year. More than a third of this wealth produced irregularly (35.7 percent) is concentrated in the regions of the Mezzogiorno, where the highest share of workers involved is also recorded. On a national total of 2.6 million irregular jobs, in fact, 37.5 percent work in the South. If historically the phenomenon has been associated with the southern regions, today submerged work is spread to a worrying extent even in the Centre-North. At sectoral level, the most critical situations are found in services to the person, where the rate of irregularity reaches 48.8 percent. In this sector are mainly colf, caregivers and other figures engaged in domestic assistance. Agriculture follows, with an irregularity rate of 20.8 percent, and artistic and entertainment activities (actors, singers, travelling shows, games, amusement parks, etc.) at 20.3 percent. The data confirm that black labor continues to represent a structural phenomenon of the Italian economy, with significant effects both on social and tax and contributory levels.
The added value produced in 2023 by irregular work in Italy was 77.1 billion euros, of which 27,5 billion in the Mezzogiorno, 19,4 in the Northwest, 16,5 in the Centre and 13,7 in the Northeast. If we measure the propensity to the “black” of the regions, that is to say the percentage incidence of the amount attributable to the added value of irregular work on the total regional added value, the highest share, equal to 8.3 percent, affects Calabria. They follow Campania with 7 percent, Sicily with 6.4% and Puglia with 6.3%. The national average is 4%. Of the 2,608,600 non regular occupants estimated in Italy by Istat, 979,500 are located in the Mezzogiorno, 634,000 in the Northwest, 572,300 in the Center and 422,800 in the Northeast. If we calculate the rate of irregularity, given by the ratio between the number of irregular and the total occupied per region, the most significant presence is always recorded in the South and, in particular, in Calabria with 17.9%. They follow Campania with 14.4% and Sicily with 14%. The average figure in Italy is 10%. The 2,6 million irregular employees in Italy who work in clear violation of tax rules, contributions and safety in workplaces, “provoke” an irregularity rate of 10%. In the field of the activities of families as employers (colf and caregivers) the greater number of irregularities is “annida”: precisely just over 615.000 units that give rise to an irregularity rate of this sector equal to 48.8%.
Among the sectors most interested in black work we see agriculture that, according to the elaboration carried out by the Study Office of the CGIA, presents an irregularity rate of 20.8% (196.100 people), artistic activities (actors, singers, travelling shows, games, amusement parks, etc.) with 20.3% (225.300 irregular) and accommodation and catering with 14.4% (261.200).
– photo IPA Agency –
(ITALPRESS).
